The tiger shovelnose catfish (Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum) is a freshwater fish native to the rivers of South America, particularly the Amazon and Orinoco river basins. It is a striking and highly recognizable species, known for its unique appearance and large size.
 
Key Characteristics:
 
    •    Appearance: The tiger shovelnose has a sleek, elongated body with a broad, flattened head and a distinctive shovel-like snout. Its body features bold black and silver stripes and spots, resembling a tiger’s pattern.
    •    Size: In the wild, it can grow up to 1.5 meters (around 5 feet) in length, though in captivity, it often stays smaller, around 2–3 feet depending on tank size and care.
    •    Lifespan: With proper care, it can live for 18–25 years in captivity.
 
Habitat and Behavior:
 
    •    Environment: This species thrives in slow-moving or still waters, often in areas with sandy or muddy substrates and plenty of hiding spots, like driftwood and vegetation.
    •    Diet: It is carnivorous, feeding on smaller fish, crustaceans, and insects in the wild. In captivity, it readily accepts meaty foods such as prawns, fish fillets, and sinking pellets designed for carnivorous fish.
 
Care in Aquariums:
 
Tiger shovelnose catfish are popular in the aquarium trade but are suited for experienced fish keepers due to their size and space requirements.
    •    Tank Size: Requires a large tank, at least 1,000 liters (264 gallons) for juveniles and much larger for adults.
    •    Water Parameters: Prefers warm water (24–28°C or 75–82°F) with a pH of 6.0–7.5.
    •    Tankmates: Should not be kept with small fish as they may be seen as prey. Ideal tankmates are other large, non-aggressive species.
 
Conservation:
 
While not currently endangered, habitat loss and overfishing in some regions could pose risks to wild populations.
 
The tiger shovelnose is a fascinating fish but requires a significant commitment to care for properly in captivity.